What should be done?

The best way to prevent the further contamination of Lake Nicaragua is for the country to invest in the development of its sewer and water infrastructure. However, given the poverty in the country this is going to be very difficult. The overall advancement of infrastructure in the area will help advance the country and make the development of sewage infrastructure more likely. Despite the possible ecological effects, the development of hydroelectric power sources would help develop the country. Also, due to the large surface area of still water, the Lake creates strong winds that blow to towards the pacific. The potential for wind power is great, and would help further the development of the country.

Sources:

McCary, Jeffrey K. “Tilapia Status in Nicaraguan Natural Water.” Springer Science  and Business Media. 2006

McKaye, Kenneth R. “African Tilapia in Lake Nicaragua: Ecosystem in transistion.” BioScience: Vol. 45.1995. University of California Press.

Montenegro-Guillén, Salvador. “Lake Cocibolca/Nicaragua”. 2006. Worldlakes.com

Thorson, Thomas B. “The Status of the Lake Nicaragua Shark: an Updated Appraisal.” University of Nebraska- Lincoln. 1976. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/

Thorson, Thomas B. “The Impact of Commercial Exploitation on Sawfish and Shark Populations in Lake Nicaragua.” 1982. 

Water Resources and Freshwater Ecosystems- Country profile: Nicaragua. World Resources Institute. http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/water-resources/country-profile-135.html